The EU's demand for green hydrogen will skyrocket through mandatory targets
2023/10/11
This directive includes mandatory usage targets for renewable hydrogen and its derivatives (referred to as non biological renewable fuels or RFNBOs in EU terminology).
This means that by 2030, 42% of industrial hydrogen must be green (reaching 60% by 2035), and by 2030, 1% of all transportation fuels will be RFNBO.
The European Union Council of Ministers also signed a separate regulation today called the ReFuelEU Aviation Directive, which states that by 2030, 1.2% of all aviation fuel must be synthetic fuel from green H2. (Click here to view relevant reports)
After the EU's plan becomes law, hundreds of hydrogen refueling stations will be installed across Europe, forcing shipping to reduce emissions. Currently, the EU consumes approximately 9.7 million tons of ash hydrogen (from unreduced natural gas) annually, mainly used for fertilizers, chemical production, and oil refining. By the end of this decade, the new directive will immediately create approximately 4 million tons of industrial demand for green hydrogen.
There are two exit clauses that allow member states to reduce the contribution of RFNBO in industry by 20 percentage points: if they "achieve the expected contribution to the binding EU overall goals", or if "the share of fossil fuel hydrogen consumed by member states does not exceed 23% in 2030 and 20% in 2035".
The above clauses open the door for France to use nuclear energy to produce most of its hydrogen.
According to Hydrogen Europe, 1% of transportation fuel is equivalent to approximately 1 million tons of RFNBO. However, the so-called "multiplier" included in the Renewable Energy Directive allows the aviation and shipping sectors to calculate the RFNBO of every 1MJ as 1.5MJ.
Therefore, the industry association believes that to meet the requirement of 1% transportation fuel, the actual required quantity of RFNBO is actually about 360000 tons.
The European Union has passed the Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Regulations, which require 27 member states to ensure the establishment of public hydrogen refueling stations capable of serving heavy and light vehicles at each "urban node" and every 200 kilometers of the planned Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) core route by 2030.
The TEN-T core network connects "city nodes" across Europe, which is the EU's term for 424 major cities with ports, airports, and railway terminals. It is expected to be completed before the beginning of the next decade.
Although the renewable energy directive will become law 20 days after its publication in the official EU gazette, both Poland and Hungary voted against it, while Bulgaria and the Czech Republic abstained. Only Poland opposed the aviation directive, while the other 26 member states voted in favor. However, these countries still have to meet their requirements.
The EU plans to produce 10 million tons of renewable hydrogen by 2030 and import 10 million tons from outside the EU by the same date.
The new renewable energy directive also ensures that 42.5% of the EU's total energy consumption must be green energy by 2030, and sets further targets for the use of renewable energy in areas such as transportation, industry, heating, and refrigeration, and accelerates the approval process for renewable energy projects.
Teresa Ribera, Acting Minister for Ecological Transformation in Spain, said: "This is a great achievement within the framework of the 'Fit for 55' package, which will help achieve the EU's climate goal of reducing EU emissions by at least 55% by 2030. This is a major step forward and will help achieve the EU's climate goals in a fair, cost-effective, and competitive manner.
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