The carbon fiber industry is expected to further promote innovation and development
2023/9/18
Current Situation of Carbon Fiber Industry
Carbon Fiber is an inorganic polymer fiber composed of organic matrix fibers such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN) (or asphalt, viscose) that undergo pyrolysis and carbonization at high temperatures to form a carbon backbone structure. The carbon content is higher than 90%. Carbon fiber is widely used in fields such as aerospace, wind turbine blades, sports and leisure, pressure vessels, carbon/carbon composites, and transportation construction.
The current development status of the carbon fiber industry shows that according to the types of raw materials, carbon fibers can be divided into PAN based carbon fibers, asphalt based carbon fibers, and adhesive based carbon fibers. Among them, PAN based carbon fiber, due to its relatively simple production process, excellent mechanical properties, and wide range of uses, has rapidly occupied the mainstream position since its inception in the 1960s, accounting for over 90% of the total carbon fiber content; The production scale of asphalt based and adhesive based materials is relatively small. Therefore, currently carbon fibers generally refer to PAN based carbon fibers.
With the rapid deployment of production capacity by China's leading carbon fiber enterprises, the supply and demand gap in the carbon fiber market is gradually easing, and the import part is expected to achieve localization. According to relevant data on the development status of the carbon fiber industry, the localization rate of carbon fiber in 2021 has reached 47%, an increase of 13 percentage points compared to 2020. The localization rate of carbon fiber in 2022 is about 53%, and it is expected that the localization rate of carbon fiber in 2023 will reach 56%.
In 2022, the total demand for carbon fiber in China was 74429 tons, a year-on-year increase of 19.3%. The current development status of the carbon fiber industry mentions that in the future, driven by the demand of emerging industries such as aerospace, wind turbine blades, and carbon/carbon composite materials, it is expected that the total demand for carbon fiber in China will reach 82300 tons by 2023, and the market share of domestic carbon fibers will gradually increase. Among them, the import volume was 29429 tons, accounting for 39.5% of the total demand, a decrease of 11.2% compared to 2021, and the domestic fiber supply was 45000 tons, accounting for 60.5% of the total demand, an increase of 53.8% compared to 2021.
Prospects of Carbon Fiber Industry
In recent years, China has successively introduced a series of incentive policies that have provided enormous policy support for the development of the carbon fiber industry. On the one hand, the introduction of long-term integrated plans such as the "14th Five Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Outline of Long-term Objectives for 2035" and the "Guiding Opinions on Expanding Strategic Emerging Industry Investment, Cultivating and Strengthening New Growth Points and Growth Poles" has clarified the important strategic position and development policy of carbon fiber, providing a long-term driving force for the development of the carbon fiber industry. On the other hand, policies such as the Implementation Plan for the "Three Products" of the Raw Materials Industry and the Guiding Opinions on the High Quality Development of the Chemical Fiber Industry continue to guide and further improve the key production and application technologies of carbon fiber material key varieties, promote the development of carbon fiber and its composite materials, enhance the industrialization level of the industry, and expand the field of material application.
In recent years, the demand for carbon fiber in China has maintained a steady upward trend, and enterprises and investment institutions have also been optimistic about the development prospects of the carbon fiber industry. The influx of capital from various sources has brought stimulus effects to the carbon fiber industry. At the same time, the carbon fiber industry has a wide range of applications, benefiting from the development of downstream wind turbine blades, aviation industry, automotive manufacturing and other markets. It is expected that the demand for carbon fiber will rapidly increase. At present, China's carbon fiber industry is in a period of explosive growth, and the growth rate of the carbon fiber demand market will remain around 17% in the future. With the entry of many capital into the carbon fiber industry, carbon fiber technology is constantly breaking through, and the demand field will be further expanded.
Overall, the carbon fiber industry is in a rapid development stage, with technological progress, application expansion, and capacity expansion as its main characteristics. In the future, with the development of emerging fields and technological breakthroughs, the carbon fiber industry is expected to further promote innovation and promote the development of related industries.
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